The Joker film finally aired in Indonesian theaters. In the film, the Joker character is depicted suffering from a disorder that often makes him laugh, even though in a sad state. Did you know that pseudobulbar affect has the typical symptoms experienced by the Joker? Then, what does pseudobulbar affect? Check out the following explanation. Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is a disorder in the nervous system that makes a person suddenly laugh or cry without being triggered by any cause. These sudden emotional changes often make sufferers feel ashamed, anxious, depressed, to isolate themselves from the environment. Symptoms of Pseudobulbar Affect The following are symptoms that are often experienced by people with PBA: Suddenly crying or laughing. Laugh loudly when feeling sad or depressed, but crying when feeling happy. Laughter or crying lasts longer than normal people. Facial expressions that do not match emotions. Suddenly turns frustrated or angry. These symptoms usually appe
Speaking of sleep disorders, maybe that immediately crossed your mind is insomnia. In fact, hypersomnia is also quite common, but many are not aware of it. Actually, what is the difference between insomnia and hypersomnia? Simply put, insomnia is a sleep disorder that causes sufferers to have trouble sleeping. Conversely, hypersomnia makes sufferers experience excessive drowsiness, making it difficult to wake up during the day and sleep longer at night. Differences in Causes of Insomnia and Hypersomnia The following is an explanation of the different causes of insomnia and hypersomnia: Insomnia Insomnia is a condition that causes a person to find it difficult to fall asleep, often wake up during sleep, and wake up too early. People with insomnia will usually wake up tired. As a result, activities throughout the day become disrupted. Based on its intensity, insomnia can be divided into two, namely acute and chronic. Acute insomnia lasts for a short time, from one night to sever